Morphology

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Good Morning readersss..... 🌸

Last blog i wrote about Linguistic. As we know, Linguistic has some branches...
But in this blog i will share to you about one of them. That is MORPHOLOGY...

What is Morphology ????
Guys, Morphology studies the structure of words...
So when i read some references, i think Morphology is a branch of linguistic that study of the forms and formation of words in a language.
So what is a word ??
word is a smallest independent units of language.

Example :
The girl looked at the cats.

Let's see "cats"
Cats is a word: can change positions or stand on its own.
s is the plural marker, dependent on the noun to receive meaning.

Word has internal structure - built of even smaller pieces.
There are types of words:
1. Simple Word  → don't have internal structure (only one morpheme) example bring, work. They can't be split into smaller parts which carry meaning or function.
2.Complex Word → has internal structure (two or more morphemes) example worker: affix -er added to "work" to form a noun.

Okay if we want to understand about Morphology, we need to know the term Morpheme (the smallest unit of a word with meaning). The meaning is how language conveys messages. a single word may be composed one or more morphemes.
Example :
Nadia looked unhappier yesterday.

Un + Happy + Er ( Can be analyzed 3 Morphemes).


MORPHEME

There are types of Morphemes
➤ Free Morpheme (Basic Word Form) : can be used as a word on their own. generally English word forms such as nouns, verbs and adjectives. Example : Boy, Sad and Run.
Free Morpheme has two type of morphemes, there are :
1. Lexical Morphemes (Lexical Content Words) 
         ⤷ set of ordinary nouns, verbs and adjectives that carry the content of messages we convey (Open Class Words = we can add new lexical morphemes to the language). Examples : horse, cry, wash.

2. Functional Morphemes (Gramatical Words)
         ⤷ set of prepositions, conjunctions, auxillary (Closed Class Words = we can't add new lexical morphemes to a language). Examples :above, on, can, would, etc.

➤ Bound Morpheme : can't be used as a word on their own, have to joint to other morphemes. Bound Morphemes is contained in Affixes and roots. Roots are morphemes (not affixes) that may or may not stand alone. 

There are some type of bound morphemes :
1. Derivational Morphemes : used Suffixes and Prefixes in English. Derivational Morphemes change gramatical category of word and commonly changes the meaning such as pay (v) to payment (n).

2.  Inflectional Morphemes: Only found Suffixes in English, not change gramatical category of word and not change the meaning.  Example :
                             -s (third person singular) : She eats meatball.
                             -ed (past tense) : He fixed his computer.
                             -ing (progressive) : He is drinking a cup of tea.
                             -s (plural) : Charles has 5 donuts
                             -'s (possessive) : Ayu's hair is short.

I think that's all, I hope readers understand about Morphology... 😇 
If you have some questions you can write your question in the comment column..

Thank you readersss...💕

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